Miocene incorporation of peridotite into the Hercynian basement of the Maghrebides (Edough massif, NE Algeria): Implications for the geodynamic evolution of the Western Mediterranean

A laser ablation ICP-MS U–Pb age of 17.84 ± 0.12 Ma (late Burdigalian) was obtained from monazites separated from a leucocratic diatexite collected in close proximity to a small peridotite massif incorporated into the lower crustal sequence of the Edough Massif (north-eastern Algeria), a southern segment of the peri-Mediterranean Alpine Belt. Monazites extracted from a neighbouring deformed leucogranite intruding early Paleozoic phyllites yield a consistent age of 17.4 ± 1.3 Ma. Zircons occurring in the same leucogranite, with magmatic characteristics, have an age of 308 ± 7 Ma interpreted as dating magmatic crystallisation of the leucogranite and reflecting partial melting during the Hercynian orogeny. Low Th/U domains (Th/U < 0.10) from the same grains substantiate recrystallisation during a younger metamorphic event whose upper age limit is 286 ± 11 Ma. These results emphasize the polycyclic evolution of basement rocks preserved in the crystalline units of the western Mediterranean and indicate that part of their metamorphic features were inherited from older, Hercynian, events.Taken together with published Ar–Ar dates, the late Burdigalian age of monazites indicates a rapid cooling rate of c. 370 °C/Ma and is regarded as closely approximating the emplacement of the peridotites into the Hercynian basement. The monazite ages are significantly younger than those recorded for orogenic peridotites from the Betic-Rif orocline and for the timing of lithospheric extension forming the Alboran sea. It is also younger than rifting and back-arc extension opening the Liguro–Provençal basin. The late Burdigalian age is interpreted as dating the incipient rifting event that opened the Algerian basin, which is consequently not a continuation of the Liguro–Provençal basin. At the scale of the western Mediterranean, these observations concur with current models supporting slab roll-back and an eastwards migration of extension in the western Mediterranean, but suggest that the Algerian basin opened as a result of torsion and stretching of the Thethyan slab due to its steepening under the Alboran microplate.