IWRM concept for the Cuvelai Basin in northern Namibia

This paper presents main findings of a feasibility study for a joint transdisciplinary project to strengthen the implementation of integrated water resources management (IWRM) in the Cuvelai Basin, northern Namibia. The region is characterised by seasonal alterations of droughts and heavy rainfall, mostly saline groundwater and a lack of permanent rivers. Difficult local conditions pose a great challenge for water supply against the background of high population density. Currently, most drinking water of the area is withdrawn from the Kunene River at the Angolan border and transported through a canal and pipeline scheme. However, it is expected that this infrastructure will be put at risk due to increasing water demand on both the Namibian and Angolan side.By integrating social-ecological as well as technical aspects IWRM may be instrumental in mitigating these problems. The aim to identify alternative water sources and create a multi-resource mix will be approached by strengthening the use of endogenous resources alongside with demand-oriented water and land management. Technologies considered have to be adapted to the local situation, not only concerning technological constraints but also concerning social and ecological factors. Furthermore, the implementation of technology must be integrated into the institutional and administrative processes of resource management as well as into the social, economic and ecological conditions of water use. Taking these conditions into account, actions and measures require clear and efficient organisation, implementation and participatory structures. They also call for a combined approach from natural, engineering and social sciences leading to a transdisciplinary research and development process. This paper aims to identify the design and conceptualisation of an IWRM which is adapted to the specific regional conditions.