Laboratory investigation of artificial lumpy materials

• The strength of the lumpy material is close to that of the reconstituted soil.
• The artificial lumpy soil shows a significant dilation in the triaxial tests.
• The shear stress and hydraulic conductivity of the lumpy material are not uniform.
• The reconstituted soil plays a crucial role in the behaviour of the lumpy material.

For the excavated clayey cover of a coal seam in open-pit mining, the shear strength is the most important issue after its deposition in landfills. For this purpose, an artificial lumpy material was investigated in this paper. A transition form between a reconstituted soil and natural lumpy soil governs the mechanics of the soils artificially deposited after the excavation. This paper presents triaxial and oedometer tests (including K0 and isotropic consolidation tests conducted in triaxial cell) both on an artificial lumpy soil and its corresponding reconstituted form. Compression, permeability and strength of lumpy materials have been evaluated. When normalized by Hvorslev pressure, the shear strength of both lumpy materials and reconstituted soil lies on unique lines, with strength parameters of the lumpy materials lower than that of the reconstituted soil. Both the consolidation and triaxial test results indicate that the reconstituted soil, which exists in the inter-lump voids, plays a crucial role in the behaviour of lumpy materials.