Effects of sewage discharges on lipid and fatty acid composition of the Patagonian bivalve Diplodon chilensis

- Anthropogenic input in D. chilensis food could be traced using specific FA.
- FA markers showed higher terrestrial detritus and bacteria in SMA sediment and bivalves.
- Increased lipid peroxidation and lipofuscin levels (20 fold) were observed in SMA.
- Chronic exposure of Diplodon chilensis to sewage discharges affected its lipid and FA composition.

Lipid and fatty acid (FA) composition and selected oxidative stress parameters of freshwater clams (Dipolodon chilensis), from a sewage-polluted (SMA) and a clean site, were compared. Trophic markers FA were analyzed in clams and sediment. Saturated FA (SAFA), and bacteria and sewage markers were abundant in SMA sediments, while diatom markers were 50% lower. Proportions of SAFA, branched FA, 20:5n − 3 (EPA) and 22:6n − 3 (DHA) were higher in SMA clams. Chronic exposure of D. chilensis to increasing eutrophication affected its lipid and FA composition. The increase in EPA and DHA proportions could be an adaptive response, which increases stress resistance but could also lead to higher susceptibility to lipid peroxidation TBARS, lipofuscins (20-fold) and GSH concentrations were higher in SMA clams. FA markers indicated terrestrial plant detritus and bacteria are important items in D. chilensis diet. Anthropogenic input in their food could be traced using specific FA as trophic markers.