Improvement of accuracy of multi-scale models of Li-ion batteries by applying operator splitting techniques

In this work operator splitting techniques have been applied successfully to improve the accuracy of multi-scale Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery models. A slightly simplified Li-ion battery model is derived, which can be solved on one time scale and multiple time scales. Different operator splitting schemes combined with different approximations are compared with the non-splitted reference solution in terms of stability, accuracy and processor cost. It is shown, that the reverse Strang-Marchuk splitting combined with the implicit scheme to solve the diffusion operator and Newton method to approximate the non-linear source term can improve the accuracy of the commonly applied vertical (sequential) multi-scale models by almost 3 times without considerably increasing the processor cost.