کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6444854 | 1356982 | 2014 | 11 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
A “slice-and-view” (FIB-SEM) study of clay gouge from the SAFOD creeping section of the San Andreas Fault at â¼2.7Â km depth
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موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
علوم زمین و سیارات
زمین شناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: A “slice-and-view” (FIB-SEM) study of clay gouge from the SAFOD creeping section of the San Andreas Fault at â¼2.7Â km depth A “slice-and-view” (FIB-SEM) study of clay gouge from the SAFOD creeping section of the San Andreas Fault at â¼2.7Â km depth](/preview/png/6444854.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
The San Andreas Fault is one of the most studied earthquake-generating structures on Earth, but the reason that some sections are anomalously weak, and creep without apparent seismicity, remains poorly understood. Here, we present results from nanoscale (FIB-SEM) 3D microstructural observations of weak (friction coefficient of 0.095) SAFOD clay fault gouge containing serpentinite clasts, recovered from the active Central Deforming Zone at â¼2.7 km vertical depth. Our nanoscale observations confirm that frictional slip and extreme weakness occur via deformation of smectite clay that forms a shear fabric within the fault zone. We infer that creep initiates by fracture-controlled, substrate growth of oriented Mg-smectite on R, P and Y shears, followed by clay smearing and ductile flow of an evolving and expanding clay matrix. At the crystal-scale, pervasive sliding occurs along hydrated smectite interlayers and surfaces occupied by exchangeable Mg- and Ca-ions, with slip typically spaced at 3-5 lattice layers apart. We conclude that the strength and seismic behaviour of major tectonic faults at shallow crustal levels evolves as clay fabric develops with accumulated fault slip.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Structural Geology - Volume 69, Part A, December 2014, Pages 234-244
Journal: Journal of Structural Geology - Volume 69, Part A, December 2014, Pages 234-244
نویسندگان
Laurence N. Warr, Jasmaria Wojatschke, Brett M. Carpenter, Chris Marone, Anja M. Schleicher, Ben A. van der Pluijm,