Deep-sea carbonate preservation in the western Philippine Sea over the past 1Ma

The primary productivity from the coccolith record shows limited similarity with the CaCO3 content on glacial-interglacial time scales since 1 Ma, which suggests that PP played a negligible role in the glacial-interglacial CaCO3 cycle. However, a bloom of the coccolithophores Geophyrocapsa caribbeanica that extended from MIS 9 to MIS 12 likely contributed to the increased CaCO3 content observed during the Mid-Brunhes interval (MBE) over the glacial-interglacial fluctuations. Therefore, the CaCO3 content should be used as a dissolution proxy with caution during the MBE in the tropical Pacific, especially for water depths that are shallower than the carbonate lysocline.