Distribution of fine-grained tephra from the 1650 CE submarine eruption of Kolumbo volcano, Greece

- Sediment gravity flows generated from submarine and subaerial eruption columns
- Flows triggered by rapid water adsorption of freshly-erupted pumice
- Vertical gravity currents result from Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities
- Low settling velocity of silt-sized grains in water versus air enhances submarine segregation