Experimental and textural investigation of welding: effects of compaction, sintering, and vapor-phase crystallization in the rhyolitic Rattlesnake Tuff

A few tenths wt.% H2O in the rhyolite glass promote the development of welding by sharp reduction of glass viscosity. Large amounts of water inhibit welding by creating surface sublimates that interfere with sintering and may exert fluid pressure counter to lithostatic load if sintering and vapor-phase sublimates seal permeability in the tuff.