An invertebrate [hydroxyproline]-modified neuropeptide: Further evidence for a close evolutionary relationship between insect adipokinetic hormone and mammalian gonadotropin hormone family

► An invertebrate neuropeptide with hydroxyproline, [Hyp6] AKH = Nezvi-AKH, is established. ► This octapeptide is found in corpora cardiaca of the green stink bug, Nezara viridula. ► Physiologically, Nezvi-AKH mobilizes lipids from the fat body in the bug. ► Proline hydroxylation in the peptide precursor occurs naturally in the corpora cardiaca. ► The data support an extended peptide family that includes AKH and vertebrate GnRH.