Low refractive index silicon oxide coatings at room temperature using atmospheric-pressure very high-frequency plasma

Low refractive index silicon oxide films were deposited using atmospheric-pressure He/SiH4/CO2 plasma excited by a 150-MHz very high-frequency power. Significant increase in deposition rate at room temperature could prevent the formation of dense SiO2 network, decreasing refractive index of the resulting film effectively. As a result, a silicon oxide film with the lowest refractive index, n = 1.24 at 632.8 nm, was obtained with a very high deposition rate of 235 nm/s. The reflectance and transmittance spectra showed that the low refractive index film functioned as a quarter-wave anti-reflection coating of a glass substrate.