Acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity profiles of lipopeptides from Bacillus mojavensis A21 and evaluation of their in vitro anticoagulant activity

• The in vivo potential toxicity of A21 lipopeptides was evaluated.
• The median lethal dose was determined to be about 550 mg/kg BW.
• A21 lipopeptides had no effect on hematological and biochemical parameters.
• A21 lipopeptides possess blood anticoagulant activity.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of lipopeptides mixture produced by Bacillus mojavensis A21 as well as their in vitro anticoagulant activity. A21 lipopeptides was given to mice at single dose from 75 mg to 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw). The median lethal dose (LD50) of A21 lipopeptides was about 550 mg/kg bw. Sub-chronic toxicity study for 28 days was done by daily oral administration of A21 lipopeptides at doses of 40 and 400 mg/kg bw in rats. Results showed that A21 lipopeptides did not cause any change in body weights and they did not produce any marked alterations in the hematological blood parameters including hematocrit concentration, hemoglobin level, white and red cells count. However, the platelets level decreased significantly compared to control value. Moreover, no significant differences in the serum biochemical characteristics were observed for rats treated by the lowest dose. In contrast, a little enhancement of alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) activity and decrease in total cholesterol were observed with the highest dose. A21 lipopeptides were also found to cause a prolongation of the thrombin time (TT), the prothrombin time (PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Overall, A21 lipopeptides may be very promising compounds for therapeutic purposes.

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