Analysis of sensitization to Alternaria in seasonal allergic rhinitis patients from north-eastern Poland

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the frequency of sensitization to outdoor mould, Alternaria in patients with symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). The results of skin prick tests performed in patients referred to allergy clinic due to SAR between 2012 and 2015 were analyzed. Among 256 patients at least one positive skin prick test to grass mix, tree mix, weed mix, Alternaria or Cladosporium was demonstrated in 193 patients (75.4%). In the latter group sensitization to Alternaria and Cladosporium was demonstrated in 41 (21.2%) and 6 (3.1%) patients, respectively. Isolated sensitization to moulds was demonstrated in 3 (1.6%) of SAR patients. Interestingly, SAR patients allergic to moulds were younger than those in whom no sensitization to moulds could be demonstrated. Most frequently allergy to moulds was accompanied by allergy to grass or weeds. No association could be demonstrated between sensitization to any of the seasonal allergen group and sensitization to Alternaria or Cladosporium.Sensitization to Alternaria is frequent in SAR patients in north-eastern Poland. It is usually seen in SAR patients who are also sensitized to other seasonal allergens, most commonly grass pollen. Concomitant sensitization to seasonal allergens with overlapping pollination seasons may affect morbidity and therapy outcomes including allergen immunotherapy.