Formation and temporal evolution of the Kalahari sub-cratonic lithospheric mantle: Constraints from Venetia xenoliths, South Africa

Based on a geochemical and isotopic approach, we propose that the Venetian SCLM formed by shallow melting in the Archaean followed by lateral accretion. Hydrous fluids, either associated with remobilisation due to regional heating or subduction, led to metasomatism and possibly to Si-enrichment at ~2.0 Ga before a final stage of metasomatism associated with kimberlite magmatism.