Intercalation strategies in clay/polymer hybrids

Furthermore, the layered structure could be totally exfoliated and structurally randomized into individual silicate platelets using different mechanisms, such as the phase inversion of amphiphilic copolymer emulsifiers and phase transitions that involve zigzag Mannich polyamines. For comparison, the organic modification of graphene/graphite plate-like carbonaceous materials is briefly reviewed. The self-organization of organics in clay interlayer galleries and the randomization of layered silicate stacks into platelets are reviewed to understand the noncovalent bonding interactions between the clays and various organics. Different intercalation and exfoliation strategies help the in-depth understanding of clay chemistry and indicate new clay applications.