کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6313144 | 1619039 | 2016 | 19 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Approaches for describing and communicating overall uncertainty in toxicity characterizations: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as a case study
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کلمات کلیدی
HECNOAELLOAELHEDMOARFCBMDLRfDMRLPBPKTSCAATSDRNASCCl4CDCEPARIVMPODNRCBESBMDREV4-vinylcyclohexene - 4-وینیل سیکلوهاکسنAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry - آژانس برای مواد سمی و رجیستری بیماریIARC یا International Agency for Research on Cancer - آژانس بین المللی تحقیقات سرطانInternational Agency for Research on Cancer - آژانس بین المللی تحقیقات سرطانU.S. Environmental Protection Agency - آژانس حفاظت از محیط زیست ایالات متحدهRisk communication - ارتباطات ریسکHazard communication - ارتباطات مخاطره آمیزreference value - ارزش مرجعRisk assessment - ارزیابی ریسکMargin of exposure - حاشیه قرار گرفتن در معرضMode of action - حالت عملMinimal risk level - حداقل سطح خطرHazard - خطرARA - در حال حاضرReference dose - دوز مرجعbenchmark dose - دوز معادلHuman equivalent dose - دوز معادل انسانیITER - راکتور گرماهستهای آزمایشی بینالمللیLowest-observed-adverse-effect level - سطح پایین ترین مشاهده شده - اثر ناخوشایندHazard quotient - سهم خطرIntegrated Risk Information System - سیستم اطلاعات ریسک مجتمعHazard index - شاخص خطرNational Research Council - شورای تحقیقات ملیUncertainty - عدم قطعیتUncertainty factor - عدم قطعیتIris - عنبیهReference concentration - غلظت مرجعPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic - فارماکوکینتیک مبتنی بر فیزیولوژیToxic Substances Control Act - قانون کنترل مواد سمیBenchmark dose lower confidence limit - محدوده اطمینان دز کمتر از حد پایین استCenters for Disease Control and Prevention - مراکز کنترل و پیشگیری از بیماریBiomonitoring equivalents - معادل بیومونیتوریPoint of departure - نقطه عزیمتno-observed-adverse-effect-level - هیچ نظارتی و معکوس-اثر-سطحMOE - وزارت صنایعCarbon tetrachloride - کربن تتراکلرید
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Approaches for describing and communicating overall uncertainty in toxicity characterizations: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as a case study Approaches for describing and communicating overall uncertainty in toxicity characterizations: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as a case study](/preview/png/6313144.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
Single point estimates of human health hazard/toxicity values such as a reference dose (RfD) are generally used in chemical hazard and risk assessment programs for assessing potential risks associated with site- or use-specific exposures. The resulting point estimates are often used by risk managers for regulatory decision-making, including standard setting, determination of emission controls, and mitigation of exposures to chemical substances. Risk managers, as well as stakeholders (interested and affected parties), often have limited information regarding assumptions and uncertainty factors in numerical estimates of both hazards and risks. Further, the use of different approaches for addressing uncertainty, which vary in transparency, can lead to a lack of confidence in the scientific underpinning of regulatory decision-making. The overarching goal of this paper, which was developed from an invited participant workshop, is to offer five approaches for presenting toxicity values in a transparent manner in order to improve the understanding, consideration, and informed use of uncertainty by risk assessors, risk managers, and stakeholders. The five approaches for improving the presentation and communication of uncertainty are described using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as a case study. These approaches will ensure transparency in the documentation, development, and use of toxicity values at EPA, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), and other similar assessment programs in the public and private sector. Further empirical testing will help to inform the approaches that will work best for specific audiences and situations.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Environment International - Volumes 89â90, AprilâMay 2016, Pages 110-128
Journal: Environment International - Volumes 89â90, AprilâMay 2016, Pages 110-128
نویسندگان
Nancy B. Beck, Richard A. Becker, Neeraja Erraguntla, William H. Farland, Roberta L. Grant, George Gray, Christopher Kirman, Judy S. LaKind, R. Jeffrey Lewis, Patricia Nance, Lynn H. Pottenger, Susan L. Santos, Stephanie Shirley, Ted Simon,