کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
6441680 1639100 2014 17 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
A review of prokaryotic populations and processes in sub-seafloor sediments, including biosphere:geosphere interactions
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
بررسی جمعیت و فرایندهای پروکریو در رسوبات زیر دریایی، از جمله بیوسفر: تعاملات ژئوسفر
کلمات کلیدی
بیوسفر زیر دریا میکروبیولوژی دریایی، تنوع پروکاریوتی، انرژی تاریک، بیوسفر: تعاملات ژئوسفره،
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه علوم زمین و سیارات ژئوشیمی و پترولوژی
چکیده انگلیسی
Activities are generally low in deep marine sediments (~ 10,000 times lower than in near-surface sediments), however, depth integrated activity calculations demonstrate that sub-surface sediments can be responsible for the majority of sediment activity (up to 90%), and hence, are biogeochemically important. Unlike near-surface sediments, competitive metabolisms can occur together and metabolism per cell can be 1000 times lower than in culture, and below the lowest known maintenance energies. Consistent with this, cell turnover times approach geological time-scales (100-1000s of years). Prokaryotic necromass may be an important energy and carbon source, but this is largely produced in near-surface sediments as cell numbers rapidly decrease. However, this and deposited organic matter may be activated at depth as temperatures increase. At thermogenic temperatures methane and other hydrocarbons, plus H2, acetate and CO2 may be produced and diffuse upwards to feed the base of the biosphere (e.g. Nankai Trough and Newfoundland Margin). Temperature activation of minerals may also result in oxidation of sulphides and the formation of electron acceptors, plus H2 from low temperature (~ 55 °C) serpentenisation and water radiolysis. New mineral surface formation from fracturing, weathering and subduction etc. can also mechanochemically split water producing both substrates (H2) and oxidants (O2 and H2O2) for prokaryotes. These and other biosphere:geosphere interactions may be important for sustaining a globally significant sub-seafloor biosphere.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Marine Geology - Volume 352, 1 June 2014, Pages 409-425
نویسندگان
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