Mineral stress affects the cell wall composition of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) callus

► Mineral stress alters the composition of the cell wall. ► Nitrogen deficiency causes a decrease in cellulose and an increase in lignin. ► Lack of nitrogen alters the degree of pectin methyl esterification. ► Polysaccharides are more tightly bound under nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency. ► Cell wall structural proteins increase upon sulfur deficiency.