Detecting long-term temporal trends in sediment-bound metals in the western Adriatic (Mediterranean Sea)

Major and trace metal concentrations were determined in western Adriatic sediment cores. Based on sediment chronology, the earliest anthropogenic influence appeared as a Zn and Pb increase in the Po River prodelta starting from ~ 1914. The increasing contamination signal of these trace metals propagated southward as far as 450 km with a growing delay, taking ~ 10 years to reach the south Adriatic Sea. Although greater inventories of excess trace metals in the northern sector pointed to the influence of the intense human activities in the Po River drainage basin and Venice lagoon system, we observed a reduction of excess trace metals from mid-1980s, related to the implementation of stricter environmental regulations on chemical wastewaters. In contrast, an increase in trace metal accumulation in surficial sediment from the 2000s in front of the cities of Ancona and Bari suggested a recent local input of trace metals, probably due to harbor activities.