کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
9028194 | 1561659 | 2005 | 11 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
In vivo cholinesterase inhibitory specificity of organophosphorus nerve agents
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
بهداشت، سم شناسی و جهش زایی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
The purpose of this project was to determine and compare the time-related changes in blood, brain, and tissue acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity during the first hour after exposure to six organophosphorus nerve agents (GA, GB, GD, GF, VR, and VX) in Hartley guinea pigs. Animals were pretreated with atropine methyl nitrate (1.0Â mg/kg, i.m.) to minimize peripheral toxic effects 15Â min before they were given a 1.0Â ÃÂ LD50 subcutaneous dose of a nerve agent. At 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60Â min after nerve agent, animals were humanely euthanized. Blood was collected and brain regions (brainstem, cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebellum, striatum, and spinal cord) and peripheral tissues (diaphragm, skeletal muscle, and heart) were dissected and processed for AChE activity. All six nerve agents produced maximum inhibition of AChE in red blood cells between 5 and 10% of the control within 10Â min after exposure. In whole blood, differential effects were observed among the agents: GB, GD, and GF produced more rapid and greater inhibition than did GA, VR, and VX. GF was the most rapid, producing a maximum inhibition to 5% of the control in 5Â min, while VR and VX were slower reaching maximum inhibition to 30% of the control at 15Â min. The enzyme activity in the majority of the brain regions was more markedly inhibited by the G-agents than by the V-agents. The G-agents caused rapid AChE inhibition, reaching maximum levels (20-30% of control) at 15Â min and GA produced the most rapid effects. V-agents produced much slower and less AChE inhibition, reaching maximum (35-60% of control) at 30Â min. In the diaphragm, VR, VX, and GD produced more rapid and greater AChE inhibition than other G-agents; GA produced the slowest and least inhibition. In the skeletal muscle, VX induced the most rapid and severe inhibition, while GA the least inhibition. In the heart, all agents produced very rapid inhibition, and GD produced the most severe inhibition of AChE activity. These observations suggest that G-agents and V-agents are tissue compartment specific in their ability to inhibit AChE activity.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemico-Biological Interactions - Volumes 157â158, 15 December 2005, Pages 293-303
Journal: Chemico-Biological Interactions - Volumes 157â158, 15 December 2005, Pages 293-303
نویسندگان
Tsung-Ming Shih, Robert K. Kan, John H. McDonough,