Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

One in 4 people with COPD and 1 in 3 people with CHF had MCI, respectively. The overall prevalence of ACI for COPD was 32% and for CHF, 31%. Future work should consider ways of detecting, managing, or improving cognitive function and other cognition-related outcomes in this group of people.