Badanie USG przezklatkowe w ręku alergologa. Podstawy przezklatkowego badania USG

Transthoracic lung ultrasound (TLU) is a non-invasive and easily accessible method for diagnosing diseases of the pleura and lung. No ionizing radiation allows its use in people with diseases such as Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) or pregnant women. Possibility of repeated studies allows to monitoring therapy. The method uses the artifacts caused by changes out to the periphery of the lungs. Visualization of specific artifacts in lung ultrasound in conjunction with the medial examination often allows the correct diagnosis. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of TLU are often comparable to the radiological examination and computed tomography. Another advantage is the availability and the short duration of the study which is important in emergency cases.The article presents study techniques and basic artifacts evaluated in TLU. Proper pleural line is characterized by equal outlines, without irregularities. The movement of the pleura is called “lung sliping sign”. Acoustic shadows of two adjacent ribs and pleural line form the so-called “bat sign”. The main artifacts assessed in TLU include artifacts line A, line B and line Z.