Comparing geophysical methods for talus slope investigations in the Turtmann valley (Swiss Alps)

Three geophysical methods, ground penetrating radar, 2D-resistivity and seismic refraction were applied to two landform complexes in a high-alpine valley in Switzerland to investigate their internal structure. Results of the different methods were analysed separately, before conclusions about sediment thickness and geomorphologic implications were drawn. The results from the three methods were compared to focus on the quality of the methods and their field utility, with respect to portability of equipment, required man-power and measurement time. In this study, ground penetrating radar and seismic refraction proved to be the most suitable with respect to the quality and resolution of the subsurface information and the level of field utility. Sediment thicknesses of 15 m on a rectilinear slope and more than 30 m on a talus cone have been measured; a backweathering rate of approximately 700 mm ka− 1 was established. Furthermore, the radar delivered detailed internal sediment structure as well as interfaces between talus and rock glacier. The combined geophysical investigation produced a detailed image of the subsurface composition of the two landform complexes that enhance the understanding of the paraglacial landform evolution in this hanging valley.